Maxime Desalle：透明帳本會讓資產更容易被追蹤嗎？
Why Bitcoin Was Never Banned
影片
影片與逐字稿來源：Network State Podcast （CC BY）
場次摘要
Maxime Desalle 以比特幣的公開帳本為例，主張透明交易資料可能方便監控與追查資產，因此他更看重 Zcash 的隱私功能。他進一步認為，持有助記詞、使用開源錢包與透過去中心化工具交換資產，使全面禁止 Zcash 更困難。這些是講者對監管與技術的看法，並非法律上「無法禁止」的定論。
值得記下的 5 件事
- 公開交易紀錄讓國家即使不禁止比特幣，也能追查資金。
- AI 與分析技術進步，可能放大透明區塊鏈的監控能力。
- 隱藏持有與交易資訊，可以降低從鏈上辨識資產持有人的可能性。
- NEAR Intents 提供換入換出 Zcash 的路徑，開源錢包也可由使用者自行編譯。
- 長期形成的工作量證明社群文化，可能增加全面取締隱私貨幣的難度。
逐字稿
開場
Bitcoin 從來沒被禁止，而且理由充分：國家不需要。你想，若國家真的擔心 Bitcoin，早會想辦法禁了，但它沒有。So Bitcoin was never banned, and there's a good reason for that. The state didn't need to. And if you think about it, had the state... If a state were really worried about Bitcoin, it would have figured out a way to ban it. But it didn't.
原因是：配合 AI 和越來越強的監控演算法，Bitcoin 正變成真正的監控機器。相較 CBDC 非常不受歡迎，大家自願買 Bitcoin、自願走進這個 360 度全景監獄。And the reason for that is because, with AI and with increasingly better surveillance algorithms, Bitcoin is turning into a true surveillance machine. And compared to CBDCs, which are very unpopular, people willingly buy into Bitcoin and willingly enter this 360-degree panopticon.
真正需要禁的貨幣只有一種，剛好也是世界上禁不掉的：Zcash。因為 Zcash 和 Bitcoin 不同，它是私有的。And there's only one currency that they would really have to ban. And it also happens to be the one currency in the world that they cannot ban, and that's Zcash. And the reason why is because Zcash, unlike Bitcoin, is private.
可見的錢就能被沒收
看得見的錢就能被沒收；做成私有，就不一樣了。所以 Zcash 有很多理由禁不了。你不能禁止「持有」，持有 Zcash 只是有一組種子片語，而種子片語只是文字，可以背下來、寫在紙上，或數位化成圖像。And money that can be seen can be seized. But when you make it private, that stops being the case. So you can't. You can't ban Zcash for many different reasons. You can't ban holding it, because holding Zcash is just having a seed phrase, and that seed phrase is just a piece of text, which you could either memorize, or you could write it on a piece of paper, or you could represent it as an image digitally.
所以禁不了持有。你不能禁止「接收」，和種子片語類似，地址也是一段文字，可經加密通道傳、可用 QR code 表示。So you can't ban holding it. You can't ban receiving it, because similar to a seed phrase, an address is a piece of text which can be communicated through encrypted channels, can be represented through a QR code.
那基本上不可能禁，這是言論自由。你不能禁止「花用」，就算你把 Zcash 從所有商店、餐廳下架、擋在那裡，只要還有一個地方接受任何一種加密貨幣，你仍可在同一筆交易裡把 Zcash 兌成被接受的幣再付。That's just impossible to ban. It's free speech. You can't ban spending it, because even if you were to successfully remove Zcash from all stores, all restaurants, and block it there. As long as a single cryptocurrency is accepted at one of these places, you can still spend Zcash because you can swap your Zcash in one transaction over to the currency accepted and pay that way.
說到兌換，你也禁不了兌換，因為現在有 NEAR Intents 這類去中心化交易所，可無縫進出 Zcash。你也禁不了錢包，錢包是開源的，可在本地編譯；而且現在用 LLM，一個 prompt 就能立刻做出新錢包。And speaking of converting, you can't ban converting because we now have decentralized exchanges like NEAR Intents, for example, that allow you to seamlessly swap in and out of Zcash. You also can't ban the wallets, because the wallet's open-source. You can compile that code locally, and on top of that, nowadays, with LLMs, with one prompt, you can create a new wallet instantly.
文化與十年工作量證明
開源 LLM 也行。最後、也最重要的是，你禁不了文化。十年工作量證明，十年 Zcash 發行流向最死硬、最核心相信加密與隱私的人。Including with open-source LLMs. And then finally, and most importantly, you can't ban the culture. Ten years of proof of work, ten years where the Zcash issuance went to the most diehard, hardcore believers in encryption and privacy.
那無法複製，也無法禁止。所以和 Bitcoin 不同，Zcash 才是真正停不下來的貨幣；和 Bitcoin 不同，國家遲早會對 Zcash 出手，但會失敗，因為和 Bitcoin 不同，Zcash 禁不掉。There's no way to replicate that, and there's no way to ban that. And so this is really why, unlike Bitcoin, Zcash is truly unstoppable money, and that unlike Bitcoin, the state will try eventually probably to go after Zcash, and it will fail because unlike Bitcoin, Zcash is unbannable.
非常謝謝。Thank you very much.
